Applying Theory - 1698 Words

Running head: APPLYING THEORY Applying Theory Dinah M. Creamer University of Washington-Tacoma Human Behavior and the Social Environment TSOCW402-Theodora A. Drescher November 24, 2008 OUTLINE This paper will focus on problems commonly linked to adolescents and their formation of relationships by applying attachment theory. INTRODUCTION PART ONE: Development milestones and tasks in adolescents (ages 13 to 18 years) †¢ Attachment experiences †¢ Trust †¢ Parental influences PART TWO: Adolescent Problems Regarding Attachment †¢ Attachment disorders PART THREE: Application of Attachment Theory †¢ Attachment theory explanation of issue occurrence†¦show more content†¦Attachments with parents are the most important. The experiences they have with their parents usually define how attachment develops in the future. Trust In their adolescent journey, teenagers tend to make mistakes often by not having open lines of communication with their parents. When realizing their children have reached adolescence, parents must also change their behavior to more accurately deal with their child’s changes. Gaining adolescent trust is crucial. Adolescents will look for ways or factors that meet their needs to be able to trust a person. There are a few points to take into consideration when dealing with adolescents. For teenagers, questions need to be answered with plenty of information and justification which in turn builds an intellectual relationship. Teens need to have guidelines to follow and terms on why and what will happen if they do not follow the rules. This allows the adolescent to have limitations while having command of certain outcomes of their decisions. Adolescents are going through plenty of life changing obstacles and listening to them may be the best you can do for them in their time of ne ed. Many just need an ear that will listen rather than someone telling them what to do (Win your adolescent’s trust, 2007). Parental Influences Parents have different styles of parenting. The type of parenting used with their children will help influence attachment and their identity. â€Å"There are particular strains on families duringShow MoreRelatedApplying Watsons Theory to Practice1260 Words   |  6 PagesApplying Watson s theory to practice The Free Online dictionary’s definition of caring is: To provide needed assistance or watchful supervision. Jean Watson defined caring as a nurturing response to a patient with whom the nurse feels a personal sense of commitment and responsibility (Nursing Theory and Theorist, 2008). Jean Watson began developing her theory in 1979. She published her first book in 1979, her second in 1985. Her intention was to develop and define caring as a science. SheRead MoreApplying Theory Of A Practice Problem Essay756 Words   |  4 PagesApplying theory to a practice problem The nursing theories assist the nurses to identify the limitations of nursing and advance the development of nursing as a unique profession. The theories help to explain the role of nursing in todays health care sector. It also gives the information on the basics of nursing practice and help to create more information in various aspects of patient care. The benefits of having the theory in nursing compromise the improved patient care, therapeutic communicationRead MoreApplying Theory For A Practice Problem1511 Words   |  7 PagesApplying Theory to a Practice Problem – Part 3 Application of Borrowed Theory to Problem and Conclusion This writer considers pain as one of the primary practical problem in the oncology unit to resolve through application and research of nursing theory - interaction model of Roy s theory in connection to borrowed theory. The borrowed theory on concept - the Intentionality, in which people express their feelings and actions the way they are comfortable with it. The theory of nursing revealsRead MoreApplying The Orem s Self Care Theory1641 Words   |  7 Pages Applying the Orem’s Self-Care theory to the assessment of hypertensive patients Hitomi Imamura NURS 610 September 12, 2017 Dorothea Orem is known as the nursing theorist who developed the Orem’s Self-Care model, which focused on enhancing the individual’s ability for self-care and ability to care for their dependents when they need to. Orem’s personal history and professional experiences created the framework of her theory and its nursing process when nursing care is needed. Read MoreEssay on Applying Theories to Children’s Literature1089 Words   |  5 PagesApplying Theories to Children’s Literature By reading books that was written a long time ago and reading the books that are written today, you can see that there are a difference in the theoretical models of childhood development that can be found in children’s literature. Children’s books and the literature have been used to help the children to classify how the world is. So many â€Å"thinkers† or â€Å"dreamers† thought that children’s development happens in different stages and that with each of the stages;Read MoreApplying Dynamic Systems Theory Concepts And Ecological Perspectives1227 Words   |  5 Pagesholistic biopsychosocial approach during analysis should provide useful information for applying theories to show causes and effects of her experiences and behavior. At the completion of analysis, I will have learned the importance of knowing the whole integrated systems, how to apply dynamic systems theory concepts and ecological perspectives when assessing a case, and how to identi fy strengths and limitations of theories. Biopsychosocial Assessment Biological This case is about Emma. Emma was a full-termRead MoreApplying the Social Cognitive Theory of Albert Bandura1070 Words   |  5 Pages Keller. Im not a good student. Give me P.E. or art over this stuff any day! If we apply Albert Banduras social cognitive theory in her comment I just cant do this writing stuff how does Banduras theory help us to understand Annie? According, the Social Cognitive Theory of Albert Bandura which combines both behavioral and cognitive philosophies to form his theory of modeling, or observational learning states that human personality is an interaction between the environment and a persons psychologicalRead MoreApplying Criminological Theory to Solve the Murder of Tigger Essay748 Words   |  3 PagesApplying criminological theory to a suspect’s anecdotal evidence can help to distinguish which suspect could be the possible offender. In this certain case, poor Tigger has been murdered and there are 3 possible suspects. Merton’s Anomie Theo ry will be applied to suspect number 1: Winnie The Pooh. Eysenck’s Theory will be applied to suspect number 2: Piglet and Social Bond Theory will be applied to suspect number 3: Eeyore. Merton’s Anomie theory works around the theory that a society or cultureRead MoreApplying an Ethical Theory756 Words   |  4 Pages Applying an Ethical Theory Amanda Thorn PHI 208 Prof. Emilia Sorensen November 17, 2014 The long debated question of the importance of men and women and their roles has raged on for years. Should men and women be treated equally, that truly is the question that seems to have more answers than resolution. Applying the question to Deontology and the work of Immanuel Kant, the answer would be all people regardless of gender should be treated equally. However, these theories do notRead MoreApplying Learning Theories3548 Words   |  15 PagesIntroduction to Learning Theories EDU622-0603A-01: Applying Learning Theories Unit 1 IP Dr. Trude Fawson American Intercontinental University June 17, 2006 Introduction How do we come to know what we know? What is knowledge? These questions are important not only for epistemologists or philosophers who study knowledge, but, as well for those interested in the sciences and education. Whether knowledge is seen as absolute, separate from the knower and corresponding to a knowable, external reality

Alcohol Research Essay - 2723 Words

Alcoholism is a prominent substance abuse issue in Western society. The treatment method of controlled drinking as opposed to abstinence is a continuing cause of controversy in alcohol research to this day. The US is different from Europe in its acceptance of controlled drinking as a goal of treatment: â€Å"in the US alcohol dependence is typically depicted as a ‘recurring disease’ and the ‘successful abstainer’ as a ‘recovering’ though never ‘recovered’ alcoholic† (Coldwell, 2005). Depending on the alcohol abuse patient’s individual characteristics, either controlled drinking or abstinence is chosen as a treatment. Alcohol treatment in Canada, however seems to incorporate both mechanisms as shown in the study by Rush and Ogborne (1986).The†¦show more content†¦Alcohol dependence is known to be the most severe form of alcohol abuse. A person becomes so dependent on alcohol consumption that he/she loses sight of all the other important things going on around him/her. Family matters and social responsibilities become secondary worries to his/her primary concern for existence, which is drinking (Stephens, 2007). Nearly fourteen million Americans are somewhat dependent on alcohol. Alcohol dependence is more prominent in men, and young adults ages 18-29 (Stephens, 2007). According to a study done by Saitz â€Å"85,000 deaths, along with substantial disability from medical and psychiatric consequences, injuries and â€Å"secondhand† effects (ex: motor vehicle crashes) are attributed to the use of alcohol† (Saitz, 2005). Studies have shown that the amount of drinking that goes on in colleges is higher than anywhere else and that alcohol is the underlying cause in 50% of date rape cases. There is a strong negative correlation between low GPA scores and the amount of alcohol consumption in college students. The drinking age has been raised in many states in an effort to curtail the number of car accidents; this movement has reduced the number of car accidents (Barlow and Durand, 2006). Alcohol dependence has a much more pronounced medical effect on women than on men. Medical problemsShow MoreRelatedAlcohol Research Paper1257 Words   |  6 PagesAlcohol Research Paper Alcohol plays too significant a role in society today and should be an after thought as opposed to the most essential addition to any social event. Alcohol creates numerous social, economic, and health problems that could very easily be stopped if it played a less influential role in every day events. The use of alcohol is prominent in, but not limited to three social circles that include students, family groups, and religious gatherings. Experts have much toRead MoreAlcohol Addiction Research Paper2729 Words   |  11 Pagesmentally and physically dependent on alcohol, and who would most likely have withdrawal symptoms upon trying to quit. This dependence prevents most alcoholics from being able to control when they drink and how much they drink. For that reason, alcoholics usually drink to excess despite the consequences. Alcoholism, like any addiction, is a chronic disorder which involves continued use despite negative consequences and requires ongoing treatment and man agement. This research paper will cover many aspectsRead MoreResearch on the Attitude of the Irish on Alcohol720 Words   |  3 Pages†¢ Qualitative research This research is carried out when we want to describe and understand experience, ideas, beliefs and values. Researchers aim to gather a deep understanding of human behaviour and the reasons that govern such behaviour. The qualitative method investigates the reasons behind the decision making process, not just what, where and when. Therefore, smaller but more focused samples are often used rather than large samples. Focus groups, in-depth interviews and content analysisRead MoreResearch Synthesis Of Alcohol Caps3200 Words   |  13 Pages Research Synthesis of Alcohol Caps to Reduce Central Line Infections Amy D. Kramer Point Loma Nazarene University â€Æ' Abstract Background: Central-line associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) cause significant morbidity, mortality, and increased health care costs (Ramirez, Lee, Welch, 2012; Sacks et al., 2014; Wright et al., 2013; The Joint Commission, 2012). Aim: The purpose of this review was to synthesize the literature to determine whether the use of alcohol-impregnatedRead MoreA Research Study On Alcohol Abuse836 Words   |  4 Pagesproximal determinants of 8th and 10th graders’ alcohol abuse would be conducted using a nationally representative sample from the Monitoring the Future study to understand its pathways. It is expected that Bandura’s concept of â€Å"reciprocal determinism† related to Social Learning Theory (1978) and Life Course Theory (Elder, 1998) as developmental theory will help explain that victimization (a risk factor) as a direct or indirect predictor of adolescents’ alcohol abuse, as well as interpersonal relationshipRead MoreFetal Alcohol Disorde r Research Paper1227 Words   |  5 PagesFetal alcohol spectrum disorder (known as FASD), is a term which encompasses a wide variety of negative health consequences as a result of exposure to alcohol while in the womb (Williams, 2006). This exposure has the potential to cause severe, permanent brain damage leading to cognitive and behavioural deficiencies throughout childhood and adolescence (Brown et al., 2015). FASD only occurs within the general population of North America in approximately 9.1 out of every 1000 births (McLachlan et alRead MoreResearch Proposal- Alcohol Abuse Leads to Domestic Violence1471 Words   |  6 PagesDetermining whether Alcohol abuse leads to Domestic Violence Abstract This study seeks to analyze and examine the effects that alcohol abuse may have on domestic violence cases. The main goal of this study is to determine whether or not alcohol or alcohol abuse really has an affect on people and if it causes domestic violence or not. This study will be helpful in many ways and instances and it will help those who are still wondering whether or not these to completely different socialRead MoreUncovering a Relationship Between Alcohol and Violence Using Correlation Research979 Words   |  4 PagesCorrelation research reveals a pattern between two variables that have been measured several times. To uncover a relationship between alcohol and violence, I would use the correlation research. Using naturalistic observation, I would observe public intoxication at common bars or clubs, and involve accessible records of already convicted violent offenders that acknowledge the use of alcohol. I would choose this method because I believe this would be an abunda nt amount of knowledge that could properlyRead MorePreventative Measures of Alcohol Consumption in Kazakhstan1278 Words   |  6 Pagessociety has identified the increase of levels of alcohol consumption as a major problem, along with corruption, poverty, unemployment, and epidemic illnesses. Current levels of alcohol consumption would seem to be high enough to place Kazakhstan amongst the heaviest spirits-drinking countries in the world, although not high enough for the top place. Many of Kazakhstani social, demographic and health problems are attributable to the misuse of alcohol. According to Davis, this view is shared with someRead MoreThe Effects Of Alcohol Consumption For 100 Current And Past Male / Female Essay1467 Words   |  6 Pageschanging New Zealand s alcohol laws in December 2012 and December 2013 (New Zealand Government, 1989, 1999, 2012, 2013) were aimed at improving New Zealand s drinking culture and reducing the harm caused by excessive drinking, however alcoho l has become more readily available in more places over the years. Previous studies have continued to look at whether such changes have made a difference to our drinking culture. The purpose of this report is to focus on the comparison of alcohol consumption for 100

Customer LIfestyle and Behaviour Free Essays

string(102) " Multimedia Act 1998 and The Electronic Government Activities Act 2007 \(NiKnitmoMostgoGobmyMy2010\)\." According to ‘DC, it is important for local companies in Malaysia to have a good understanding of the marketplace for their products and their target customers before engaging themselves in online retailing to ensure that they are able to develop more effective ND meet the requirements and expectations of their online shopping customers (Deadline Chug AFAIK Hard, All. Kuwaiti, and Husbanding bin Small, 2006) Demographic influences online consumer behavior Demographic based on variables like age, gender, income and occupation which can influence consumer behavior dramatically. Age Graph 1: Statistic for Malaysian Online Shopping- Age Sources: http://humanities. We will write a custom essay sample on Customer LIfestyle and Behaviour or any similar topic only for you Order Now Com. My/blob/online-shopping-statistics-in- Malaysia. HTML Graph 1 above shows the Malaysian online shopping which affected by age. Statistic shows the highest rank is 26 years old to 30 years old because most of hem are single and non-married nations and they have the ability to purchase in online shopping. However, the lowest rank of the age is 21 years old and below because majorities are students and they do not have financial to purchase products and services instead of their financial is control by their parents. Gender Figure 1: Percentages of gender in online shopping Sources: http://UCLA. Com/business-hemline-shopping-scenes tm_source=afterburner=feed=Feed:+Kclau+ In perception of genders, statistic shows that males (56%) are more active on online purchasing while the females (44%) are catching up. This is because most of males are sensitive in technology gadgets and they are better in purchasing convenience important products. Whereas, females purchase products emotionally and individually, which means most of the time they purchase clothes, shoes, bags, cosmetics etc. Especially females who are below 21 years old always purchase K-pop stuffs via online shopping. Income Table 1: Income in Malaysia Sources: http://www. acAcademiaedDueownload Figure above shows the average of MaMalaysianannual income. Nations who earned less than RMARMY000 will always enjoy online shopping because they can look for cheaper products. However, the frequency of online shopping will decrease if the income increasing because they have ability to purchase expensive and quality products Occupation Chart 1: Statistic for Malaysian Online Shopping maMalaysiahtHTMLigure above shows the statistic of online shopping. The statistic shows that top management executive always used to online shopping as they need to up-to-date for the new products, technologies and systems so that they can earn the profit and reduce the cost. However, most of the retired and unemployed nations are laggards and they are not familiar to online shopping. Online buying behavior There are Top 6 Online shopping sites in Malaysia. However, each online shopping site has their own characteristics and specialty. LeLongmyMynd eBay Malaysia are the most popular local auction in Malaysia that you can search for the cheapest price of gadgets, DSDSSSLameras, computers and fashions. Customers also can look for discount and great offer in this website. ZaAzaleamyMynd LuLovelaceashion are the most well-known boutique websites that every customer loves to browse especially females because they can buy a lot of clothes, bags and shoes without shipping cost and every purchased items will send to house. SuSuperblyalaysia is backed by MaMaybugor shop luxury and quality products online at affordable cost. Whereas BeBustyorld is the online shop for cosmetics, fragrances, skin care, make up and health care. Table 2: Summary of Top 6 online websites (self-made) Frequency of Shopping Online Table 3: Frequency of Shopping Online Sources: http://ssSSLaiApplobal. coComN/asAsiaxpress/archives/1090 Chart 2: Frequency of Shopping Online Sources: Self-made According to table 3 and chart 2, the highest percentage of frequency of shopping online is about once a month (24%) and the lowest percentage of frequency of hopping online is almost every day (1 This is because MaMalaysianre busy in their work and family and there are some people who are still believe that the security still dangerous. Respondents purchase online Table 4. ; What respondents purchase online ; http://ssSSLaiApplobal. coComN/asAsiaxpress/archives/1090 Sources. Chart 3. Based on the table 4 and chart 3, clothes and fashion accessories are the highest percentage which MaMalaysianill purchase online because there are many types of cheap clothes and they can shop around before purchase. ZaAzaleamyMys the example f clothes and fashion accessories website. Figure 2: ZaAzaleamyMyources: http://www. zaAzaleacoComy/YHowever, the lowest percentage of purchase online is white (major) appliances such as refrigerator because consumers prefer to see the quality of the appliances more than the price. If the quality of appliances is higher and the usage is long, consumers will afford to purchase if the price is not so expensive. Reasons of purchasing online Based on the pilot test, 73% of MaMalaysianre prefer to purchase clothes and fashion accessories because it is hard to find suitable clothes in a day and it is wa sting of immimef they purchase via offline shopping. They can do some research like price, shipping cost, services and varieties of products from different website. Besides, 40% of MaMalaysianoves to purchase books from online because there are some books are not selling in Malaysia such as â€Å"DuDeducefrom China. These books are recommended by every Chinese teacher but due to the low demand, these are not supply in Malaysia. So, MaMalaysianho are interested in these books only can purchase via online. Moreover, they will save their money as they will only direct and focus on what they should purchase. Unlike offline shopping, MaMalaysianill buy additional items instead of purchase their needs and wants such as physical stores that use the product placement and sales to attract them to purchase items. In addition, there are 25% of the nations will purchase toys from online like minions, piupchucknd etc. Furthermore, 24% of MaMalaysianrefer to purchase medical supplies and cosmetics through online because some of the medical supplies and cosmetics difficult to purchase in Malaysia as they have not be approved by Malaysia’s government. Environmental factor drives/discourages of online shopping Environmental factor include political (also includes legal) and social which will influence the online shopping. In Malaysia, there are some cyber laws to protect nations for example Digital Signature Act 1997, Computer Crime Act 1997, The Copyright Act 1997, The Communication and Multimedia Act 1998 and The Electronic Government Activities Act 2007 (NiKnitmoMostgoGobmyMy2010). You read "Customer LIfestyle and Behaviour" in category "Papers" Those are positive influence to nations who are decided to have online purchasing. However, social cases have affected consumer bebehaviorhat there are negative incidents were happened for online purchasing. For example, nations fear of online purchasing because it is not security via online transaction, which means there will be spsparen your computer like personal data and account number will be detected and stolen. Negative impact from the environmental factor will be hard to boost up Malaysia’s economic. Moreover, It is hard to identify the quality of the product like most of teenagers nowadays prefer to buy K-Pops’ albums, posters and so on through online and they feel angry and disappointed that the products that they purchased are not in good quality. Psychological factor drives/discourages of online shopping MaMoscowierarchy can be used to represent the psychological factors which developed by Abraham MaMoscown year 1943. MaMoscowierarchy shows the drives and discourages of online shopping. Figure 3: MaMoscowierarchy Sources: http://www. psPsychologicallycoComlblobide-and-seek/201205/our-hierarchy- needs MaMascotsierarchy is used because MaMalaysianeed to have a comfortable and easy lifestyle. After they know the needs and wants via online purchasing, they will ask for safety which is security in morality, family, health and resources. However, if they got the negative feedback from friends and family, they will not onuntiedo purchase products and services via online. Meaning, nations must go through first step which is physiological before they enter to other layers. China Demographic Age Figure 1: percentage of age purchase online Source: http://www. fzFizzlingcoComnfo/view/2011 _6/1 51020438. htHTMLrom the graph we can see that 18-30 years old people is the most percentage to choose online shopping, the age below 18 percentage is almost similar with age between 31 and 35. Ages at 36 above are less to choose online shopping. We also can see that age between 18 and 24 the percentage growth very fast. Basic this, we can now that in China, young people are more prefer online shopping than old people. Figure 2: percentage of income purchase online Source: http://www. emNearsightedlycoComouurinalshtHTMLarArticled723343sh0†². FhFifthhe online purchase group in China is more in low-income family. It is get 62. 9%. (Lower than CNCCNY000 per month); the middle incomes get 35. 5%. (Higher than CNCCNY000 but lower than CNCCNY0000 per month); and the high income family percentage lust 1. 6%). Gender Figure 3: Gender percentage of China online purchase. Source: http://www. liLionfishcoComcnCNNeb/oversea_show. asAspsArArticled34279 From this graph, we can see that online purchase in China, male is more than female. It is have different with our traditional concept. The male to female ratio was 5. 4: 4. 6, slightly more male consumers. Occupation Figure 4: Occupation percentage of online shopping Source: http://www. liLionfishcoComcnCNNeb/oversea_show. asAspsArArticled34279 For occupation, student this group is get percentage 20. 4%. Technical, worker and basic social worker almost get 39. %. However, the high level managers Just get 2. 2%. From there we can see that the distribution of Job, age, income is the same. Education Figure 5: Education of online shopping From this graph, we can see that the education has negative relationship with the percentage of online shopping. The more education level higher, they will lesser online shopping. Online buying behavior There are a lot of online shoppers in China. But mainly market is share by around 9 brand of online shopping company. The first place for China online market is TmTamaleIt can get around 50. 8% market shares. And the second place is JiJinglingIt can get around 17. 1% market shares. The third place is TeTangentIt can get around 5. 6% market shares. The details are as below: Figure 6: market shares of China online sales Source: http://www. chCinematographiccoCom836/china-online-shopping-market- snapshot-for-q2sq013/ Frequency of item purchase online Figure 6: Frequency of purchase online in China Source: http://www. reArchdiocesancoComtHTMLeport/2010/5970. htHTMLn China, most people online shopping are about twice to four times per month. And only 3. 8% people no shopping online experience. As this research, we can find that online shopping is very general in China Attitude Nowadays, online shopping becomes more and more popular in China. In these 10 years, more Chinese choose purchase online. Especially the young generation, they refer purchase online than shopping at store. During the survey, there are 47. 4% people prefer online shopping, 40% have no attitude and 12. 6% people dislike online shopping. (ReRestheHerscoCom2013) Some of people who have online shopping experience worried about the quality of the product and the post purchase service. During the survey, around 55% people worried about the quality, and 27. 1% people worried about the post purchase service. (ReRestheHerscoCom2013) So the most online shopping people’s attitude is choosing the famous online shopping website and good evaluate shopping store. Reasons of making purchases Price Online product is always cheaper than the one in shopping mall. It is because online shopping can save the capital for rent store, transportation, and so on. And there is no agent to deduct a percentage from a sum of money. So the price is always cheap for customers. Compare For online shopping website, there are thousands of stores for the customer, and every store has different products for customer to choose. So the consumer can easily to compare the same product from different brand or store. It is better for consumer to make evaluation. Time Online shopping can save time for the people who do not have enough time for hopping. Shopping online Just clicks the mouse, and then you can purchase what you want. It is fast and easy for you. Environmental and psychological affect online shopping Environmental In China, the environmental pollution is a big problem. The automobile exhaust is the one reason leads that. So the companies provide the website for people shopping online. It can decline the pollution and make a healthful life style. For the customer, they also prefer online shopping. The environmental pollution is bad for the health. People inhale hazardous substance can lead many types of disease. The bad weather lsalsoan lead less shopping for sell in store. But online shopping will not have this kind problem. Whatever raining, snowing, or clouding outside, it will no effect of online shopping. For the company, it will keep the sale stabilized. For the online shopper, they can purchase their favorites product any time. So the environment can affect online shopping. Psychological Online shopping no needing use the real money, they usually use the credit card to pay. The customers do not have the behavior pay the real money, it will lead they have less conscious of money, thus no control for purchase. For the online shopping ommanyit is an advantage thing. But for customers, they usual regret after purchase. In another hand, online shopping have model to show the product to the consumers. The visual stimulation also is a point that leads more purchase behavior. People believe that the same effect of product will come to their own. Actually, different people suit for different things. Model has standard stature, and beautiful face. But not all the consumer has that. So we can see that the psychological also a point to affect online shopping. Japan Demographic influences online consumer behavior of Japanese in terms of age, ncincomegender and occupation (KoKettlend Keller, 2012). Age In terms of age, Japanese are mostly made up of generation of middle-age group of people. From the statistic shown below, Japan might not encounter the same issue of aging like Singapore as the number of young-born generation is increasing and there is a pro for Japan to accelerate their economic transformation. Figure: Average age of Japanese Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication Gender in Japan Figure: Average Gender in Japan From the graph above, it is vivid that the women dominated the Japan population, and then followed by men. There is about 25. 5 million of married couple which forms their family. Only a small part of people are in widow state. Disposable Income Figure: Disposable income of Japanese families It is analyzed that a family with a working head-of-household had a gross income of Yen 562,094. It is notable that the steep increase in disposable income in December. This is due to the year-end bonuses that Japanese workers received. Occupation and Lifestyle There are six type of popular occupation in Japan which is teacher, fisherman, models, physical therapist, engineer and chef. Japanese people enjoy a high standard f living, and nearly 90% of the population consider themselves part of the middle class. However, many studies on happiness and satisfaction with life tend to find that Japanese people average relatively low levels of life satisfaction and happiness. Japan Consumer Online Shopping Behavior Figure 1. 0: Frequency of online shopping in Japan Source: http://ssSSLaiApplobal. coComN/asAsiaxpress/archives/1090 From the analysis of the chart above, it can be identified that the online shopping behavior of Japanese is very active. 36% of the respondents will shop online for almost every week. The highest number of Japanese, about 18% will shop online for about once every two weeks. In general, Japanese online shopping is categorized as purchased online regularly as more of the people will be online shopping within a month. Figure 2. 0: Frequency of items purchased online in Japan From the above chart, it can be analyzed that most of the Japanese like to purchase the clothes and fashion accessories by online shopping. This is due to the modern thinking and Y-generation style. The second preferred items that Japanese purchase online are food and drinks. This includes the fast food restaurants as the people owdoodadsre very busy of their hectic life and work. After that, it is followed by books category. This includes the magazines, newspapers, e-books and so on. This is quite common among Japanese because they like reading pretty much. Meanwhile, stationeries and major appliances shared the same dividend of 5% respectively. Toys score the least for 4% because the parents are more likely to bring their children to buy the toys in shopping complex rather than online shopping. Reasons for Japanese to make such Purchases Generally, Japanese perceive online shopping to be convenience (71 %) and easy 29%), with 62% of the respondents claiming that online shopping is easier than shopping via offline catalogue and telephone (Freeze, 2000). In the pilot test survey, a questionnaire is distributed and the respondents are allowed to make more than one reasons of purchasing online. For Japanese, according to website of online shopping behavior in Asia(2013), 78% of the respondents indicated that secure payment facility and convenient payment methods are the driving force. This is because they are confident towards the money transfer between bank and mobile phone which needs deidentificationhen they purchase online. From the website of online shopping behavior in Asia(2013) too, 86% of the respondents viewed that price and value is the most important factors because many times for conventional shopping they tend to spend a lot more than the required expenses like eating out and trtravelingFrom the analysis too, it can be identified that Japanese are really not concerned about the reputation of the website and customer service of the website. For 82% of them provide opinions that low delivery charges will be their major concern since some of he websites provide free shipping of they purchase till certain amount of money (Freeze, 2000). Furthermore, Japanese are quite neutral towards the speedy transaction of the website. Plus, 70% of them are more focus towards promotional offers because they can find great deals everywhere, that made up for shipping and handling fees (Freeze, 2000). Environmental Factors Drives/Discourage Online Shopping Japan has always been perceived as one of the world’s healthiest societies. Japanese consumers are increasingly conscious of their health. Despite the issue of pollution ndNDegree of polluted of environmental factor, Hawkins and MoMotherboards010) mentioned that Japanese more likely to purchase online. Besides that, they would not have the problem of finding a parking place. This means that environmental consciousness has been emerging and results in active online shopping in Japan. A survey conducted last year by the global advertising agency J. Walter Thompson found that 51 percent of Japanese consumers are more focused on the environment(ScCoffmannd KaSankt al, 2010). The survey found that the Japanese will buy environmental friendly products in the next five years extensively. How to cite Customer LIfestyle and Behaviour, Papers

Carbon Management Naturally Refers To Contributing Free Samples

Question: How to Dynamic Capabilities Are Differentiated From Operational Capacities? Answer: Introduction Strategic management refers to the implementation and incorporation of the policies and objectives sketched by any organization through its top management thereby taking into account the resources as well as evaluating the internal and the external environmental conditions. Nonetheless, through the formulation of an effective strategic management the company strives to attain its objectives. However, the branch of strategic management is further segmented into 2 parts termed as the prescriptive approach and the descriptive approach. The prescriptive approach provides guidance in sketching and developing the strategies whereas the descriptive approach aids in its implementation and usage (Wu, 2008). There are few approaches that are considered to design strategies in regards to strategic management. Often the standard linear approach is termed as the traditional approach that abides by specific procedures in sketching strategies. The linear approach is much sequential where identifica tion of a specific set of mission is nurtured. After that a situational analysis is conducted considering the external and internal situations of the company. Framing of goals thereby keeping alignment with the mission and the outcome of the analysis made is also nurtured. On the basis of this evaluation and setting objectives an action plan is laid in order to attain every objective set. However, there are shortcomings to this well thought and pre-planned linear approach. Firstly, this sort of approach does not tend to fit in all sorts of organization. This is because at times the linear approaches due to its schematic nature may become time consuming, then the organizational culture may be different which may not allow the linear approach and others. Again on the contrary, it is noted that the linear approach which comprises certain shortcomings, there is organic approach to strategic management which is more flexible, termed as self-organizing system and more naturalistic in natu re (Greckhamer et al., 2008). Stakeholder Approach The term stakeholder approach was coined during the middle of 1980s. The force that directed the way of strategic management was to attempt and assemble a system that was receptive to the worries of administrators who got struck by phenomenal levels of ecological movement and change. Conventional strategy structures were not supporting the administrators to grow new strategic dimensions and also were not aiding the managers see how to construct new phases of opportunities amidst such turbulence. Thus Freeman during 1984 pointed that the existing theories relating to strategic management are not consistent in regards to the quantitative change as well as the types of change that have been taking place within the market thereby conceptualising an all new approach termed as the stakeholder approach. The stakeholder approach was certainly an answer to the threats and the challenges posed by the changing market in those days (Freeman Velamuri, 2008). A conspicuous play on stockholder, the approach looked to expand the idea concerning strategic management past its customary monetary roots by characterizing stakeholders as a gathering or person who is influenced by or may influence the accomplishment of an association's targets (Freeman et al., 2010). The motivation behind stakeholder approach was to frame strategies to deal with the horde gatherings and connections that brought about a key mould. Further the stakeholder approach indicates that the supervisors are expected to comprehend the worries of shareholders, company representatives and workers, clients, providers, moneylenders as well as society with a specific end goal to create objectives that the stakeholders will bolster. This support appears important for long haul achievement. In this manner, administration of any company ought to effectively investigate its associations with all partners so as to create business procedures (Welch Jackson, 2007). Nonetheless, the stakeholder approach is a theory pertaining to strategic management and organizational management and considering business ethics which circumscribes around certain moral values thereby lending support in managing companies. Freeman was seen to develop 2 papers upon the subject of stakeholders simulation. One of these papers concentrated on the requirements of the supervisors to maintain relationship with the stakeholders where the stakeholders were observed within a wider strategic sense and were known to influence or get influenced by the associations objectives (Freeman, 2010). Therefore all these concerns and issues gave birth to the concept of stakeholder approach to strategic management. Hence the other paper was such designed that it mostly contained the techniques and the strategies to be implemented in dealing with stakeholder issues. The point that Freemans stakeholder approach denotes is that the most significant insight must be rendered to the stakeholder relationship and not focusing merely on sketching, incorporating and assessing of the strategies (Freeman et al., 2010). Considering Toyotas brake pedal recall as an example which attracted heavy fine amount levied by the US transportation safety departments amounting to $ 16 million, it is noted that the company failed to realize the stakeholders significance related with the company. This is because Toyota was seen to hide its problem thereby not anticipating for its consequences. It is expected that a big company like Toyota that deals with a large segment of public must have taken precautions and dealt with the problems pertaining to brakes pedal through the incorporation of stakeholders approach and its strategies. This is because the automobile manufacturers are liable to look out for the safety measures of its cars and vehicles thereby keeping in accordance with the safety measures act, the government and the safety measures agencies (Lackzniak Murphy, 2012). However if the stakeholder approach is implemented then it must have worked through the following way: The project manager responsible for brake pedal must connect with the stakeholders thereby communicating the problem and seeking help The project manager is firstly expected to form a list of the stakeholders pertaining to the project The significance of different stakeholders vary considering their part and responsibilities in the project and that must be considered by the project manager Evaluation and assessment of the project knowledge that every stakeholder possess should be brought to use, shared and implemented The most significant aspect lies in accumulating all the stakeholders together to form and take a particular decision that is viable for the project As a result Toyota was observed to recall as many as 340 000 cars globally due to its fault in stakeholder approach theory. Therefore, it certainly gives an image regarding the importance of stakeholders approach to strategic management (Bauman, 2011). Dynamic Capabilities Dynamic capabilities is a theory that was coined by David Teece, Gary Pisano and Amy Shuen during 1997 in a research paper indicating a companys capacity to collaborate, construct and design differently considering its internal as well as external environments and the comprising competitions so that the organization might keep in accordance with the ever changing environment. The dynamic capacities system breaks down the sources and strategies pertaining to wealth formation and caught up by private firms working in conditions of quick technological change (Teece, 2009). The private enterprises competitive advantage is viewed as laying on unmistakable procedures (methods for organizing and consolidating) and moulded by the company's resource positions, for example, the association's arrangement of hard to-exchange learning resources and integral resources and the development paths it has received or acquired. The significance of path conditions is magnified where states of expanding returns exist. Regardless of whether as well as how a company's competitive advantage is dissolved relies on upon the dependability of market requirements and the simplicity of replicability which is growing inside and imitability which is replication by contenders (Teece, 2007). On the off chance that if it is right where the structure proposes that private resources formation in administrations of fast technological change relying on vast measure on sharpening inward technological, hierarchical, and administrative procedures within the firm. Precisely tracing new opportunities as well as arranging adequately and productively to grasp them are for the most part more major to private resources creation than the theory of strategizing where through strategizing one signifies taking part in business lead that makes contenders shaky, magnifies adversary's costs and expenditures thereby eliminating new entrants (Ambrosini Bowman, 2009). Dynamic capabilities are differentiated from operational capacities which relate to the present organizational operations. Dynamic abilities allude to the limit of an association to intentionally make, augment or change its asset base. The essential presumption pertaining to the dynamic capabilities system is that special attention to be rendered to core competency ought to alter short term contending situations that may be utilized in framing a more drawn out competitive advantage. However, there are 3 main ingredients of dynamic capabilities that are necessitated to combat with the threats that keep on evolving. The companies along with their work force must be fast learners and must be able to construct strategic resources. The upcoming strategic resources like capability, updated technology as well as consumer feedback should be amalgamated thereby metamorphosing the existing strategic resources (Teece, 2009). Teece through dynamic capabilities proposed that business is charged with the fast pace of corporate structure that puts emphasis on the capacity in comprehension of opportunities and threats, grabbing of opportunities and maintenance of the competition by enhancing, collaborating, safeguarding as well as reshaping the organizations intangible as well as tangible resources (Teece, 2007). The best examples of companies that have emerged globally thereby maintaining its competitive advantage in the global market are Apple and IBM. Basically these 2 companies have exhibited their dynamic capabilities while evolving continuously with the rapid change in the global environment. The company Apple happens to display totally unique characteristics in this case. This is because the association has never been ideally hailed as a technological leader but still it has proved its incompatible technique and strategy by marketing to the targeted consumers items and goods that are technology based and valued by the targeted segment. IBM, on the contrary, happens to be technologically strategized where it has exhibited its innovation within the internal and the external environment (Harreld et al., 2007). Moreover, the successful transformation of IBM from electromechanical tabulating machines to mainframe computer systems has earned the company a successful IT market where it efficiently provides services and conducts business pertaining to software as well as cloud computing. According to the researchers, both these companies happen to overcome their shortcoming mostly termed as path dependence. It is noted that the associations that exhibit greater pat dependence find it difficult to transform or reconfigure in accordance to how they have been conducting their business processes even at times while there have been rapid changes felt around the globe. However, both Apple and IBM have not created their prologue out of the shadows of their past. This helped both the associations to reconfigure their business structure and efficiently work as new entrants to different business forms (Pitelis Teece, 2010). Sustainable approach Sustainability is a corporate approach that makes long haul stakeholder worth by executing a business technique that incorporates thinking about each measurement regarding the business workings corresponding to the social, ecological, financial and cultural condition. It likewise details procedures in constructing an organization that cultivates long life-span by implementing straightforwardness and legitimate representative and work force advancement (Spedding Rose, 2007). Thus it can also be stated that sustainable approach is a corporate development upon more conventional expressions portraying moral corporate practice. Expressions, for example, corporate social responsibility (CSR), corporate citizenship keep on being utilized, however, are progressively replaced through the usage of more extensive term the sustainable approach. Not at all like expressions that emphasize on included strategies, has teh sustainable approach depicts business functionalities circumscribed around the social as well as environmental contemplations (Van Kleef Roome, 2007). Further the current market has been displaying certain trends corresponding to decision making situations that keep on changing thereby ushering in strategic management. However, this strategic management in the recent times has known to become more complex due to its confrontations with challenging situations and market threats. As an outcome, there has been inadequate information which has given rise to new strategies and policies to determine the influence of strategies concerning sustainability interests. Nonetheless, it leads to partial exhibition of the environmental scarcities pertaining to financial transactions where they are handled through certain managerial structures which are not connected with the financial success of the association. It leads to lack in data and information as well as integration corresponding to environmental management. As a result, researches have been conducted concerning areas of sustainability management and approach. The concept of sustainable development came into existence during 1987 after the release of report Our Common Future by World Commission of Environment and Development (Boons Ldeke-Freund, 2013). However, sustainability refers to the management of the triple bottom line concerning areas of financial, environmental and social of the associations. Quite often the 3 factors are referred to as people, planet and profit. Nonetheless it is the aspect of climate change that adds on to the complications of a firms searching for its sustainability. The approaches and strategies that are designed to formulate sustainability in the long haul might be considered as sustainable approach. The successful distribution pertaining to a specific business plan is highly tinted with the effective strategies of the organization that addresses the environmental issues. However, these sustainable strategies are directly related with cost reduction as well as brand value. Therefore it is recommended for the companies to strategise its business plan thereby keeping in mind the aspects of carbon management. Nonetheless sustainable approach is something that is quite closely related with eth corporate s ocial responsibility. Rather these terms like CSR as discussed above are going in vogue thereby making ways for sustainable approach that is all inclusive (Al-Majed et al., 2012). Carbon management naturally refers to contributing to eco-diversity by minimizing the green house gas emissions or actively participating in programs that deal with the maintenance of bio-diversity of the 3rd planet. Climate risk is something that poses itself as a threat corresponding to the corporate chain, resources safety as well as competitive advantage of any association. Again on the contrary, it is noticed that the sustainable approach designed by the company must maintain alignment with the stakeholder approach of the company as the stakeholders include the government, work force, suppliers and others. For example, the BP oil spill in Mexico serves as a glaring example to the aspect that businesses must design effective sustainable approach. Nonetheless, as Forbes (2010) printed that the success of a business needs to be considered in the context of human and environmental impacts; the most sustainable businesses are those that are able to positively impact all their constit uents to maximize long-term economic opportunities. BP was very late in acknowledging its mistake and thus it took a toll not only upon the company but also on the eco-diversity of earth. Therefore this instance establishes the fact that sustainable approach is significant to strategic management (Sorensen, 2010). Conclusion All the approaches discussed above are viable in nature and are correlated with each other. Certainly the stakeholders remain to be significant parts of any associations and thus must be considered whenever strategizing business policies. Similarly dynamic capabilities lead to competitive advantage and viable growth while same is the case for sustainable approach. The benefits of all these approaches are development, growth and competitive advantage of the firm. The implementation issues might be external or internal and appear challenging due to certain limitations like the competitors threats, time constraints, governmental issues, finances and others (Wang Ahmed, 2007). References Al-Majed, A. A., Adebayo, A. R., Hossain, M. E. (2012). A sustainable approach to controlling oil spills.Journal of environmental management,113, 213-227. Ambrosini, V., Bowman, C. (2009). What are dynamic capabilities and are they a useful construct in strategic management?.International journal of management reviews,11(1), 29-49. Bauman, D. C. (2011). Evaluating ethical approaches to crisis leadership: Insights from unintentional harm research.Journal of Business Ethics,98(2), 281-295. Boons, F., Ldeke-Freund, F. (2013). Business models for sustainable innovation: state-of-the-art and steps towards a research agenda.Journal of Cleaner Production,45, 9-19. Freeman, R. E. (2010).Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Cambridge University Press. Freeman, R. E., Velamuri, S. R. (2008). A new approach to CSR: Company stakeholder responsibility. Freeman, R. E., Harrison, J. S., Wicks, A. C. (2007).Managing for stakeholders: Survival, reputation, and success. Yale University Press. Freeman, R. E., Harrison, J. S., Wicks, A. C., Parmar, B. L., De Colle, S. (2010).Stakeholder theory: The state of the art. Cambridge University Press. Greckhamer, T., Misangyi, V. F., Elms, H., Lacey, R. (2008). Using qualitative comparative analysis in strategic management research: An examination of combinations of industry, corporate, and business-unit effects.Organizational Research Methods,11(4), 695-726. Harreld, J. B., O'Reilly, C. A., Tushman, M. L. (2007). Dynamic capabilities at IBM: Driving strategy into action.California Management Review,49(4), 21-43. Laczniak, G. R., Murphy, P. E. (2012). Stakeholder theory and marketing: Moving from a firm-centric to a societal perspective.Journal of Public Policy Marketing,31(2), 284-292. Pitelis, C. N., Teece, D. J. (2010). Cross-border market co-creation, dynamic capabilities and the entrepreneurial theory of the multinational enterprise.Industrial and Corporate Change,19(4), 1247-1270. Sorensen, S. (2010). Forbes Welcome. [online] Forbes.com. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/2010/07/07/sustainability-gulf-spill-technology-bp.html [Accessed 20 May 2017]. Spedding, L. S., Rose, A. (2007).Business risk management handbook: A sustainable approach. Elsevier. Teece, D. J. (2007). Explicating dynamic capabilities: the nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance.Strategic management journal,28(13), 1319-1350. Teece, D. J. (2009).Dynamic capabilities and strategic management: Organizing for innovation and growth. Oxford University Press on Demand. Van Kleef, J. A. G., Roome, N. J. (2007). Developing capabilities and competence for sustainable business management as innovation: a research agenda.Journal of Cleaner Production,15(1), 38-51. Wang, C. L., Ahmed, P. K. (2007). Dynamic capabilities: A review and research agenda.International journal of management reviews,9(1), 31-51. Welch, M., Jackson, P. R. (2007). Rethinking internal communication: a stakeholder approach.Corporate Communications: An International Journal,12(2), 177-198. Wu, W. W. (2008). Choosing knowledge management strategies by using a combined ANP and DEMATEL approach.Expert Systems with Applications,35(3), 828-835.

5 Types of Specialized Dictionaries

5 Types of Specialized Dictionaries 5 Types of Specialized Dictionaries 5 Types of Specialized Dictionaries By Mark Nichol Dictionaries aren’t just for looking up spellings and meanings of a broad selection of terms; you’ll find biographical, geographical, and medical dictionaries, among other specialized volumes. Here are five other categories of repositories of words, with a link to one online example of each. 1. Reverse Dictionaries A reverse dictionary enables you to type in a phrase that describes a word or phrase you’re trying to think of. The matching technology is imperfect, of course, but a reverse dictionary is your best chance for coming up with that elusive term. Try this reverse dictionary at the dictionary portal OneLook.com, or, if you prefer a print resource, check out the Illustrated Reverse Dictionary, by John Ellison Kahn. 2. Visual Dictionaries Visual dictionaries like this one provide visitors with illustrations of animate and inanimate things labeled with parts and components. Merriam-Webster’s publishes a print visual dictionary, but many others are available, including multilingual ones and those produced especially for children. 3. Beginners’/Learners’ Dictionaries The Cambridge University Press has, among its family of online dictionaries, one with simplified definitions; for American English specifically, Merriam-Webster offers Word Central, an online children’s dictionary that is helpful for learners of all ages without being juvenile in presentation. For a print version, use a dictionary for young students (like the Scholastic Children’s Dictionary) though the child-oriented design of these books may put off older learners or one for English-language learners. 4. Translation Dictionaries Online dictionaries that enable visitors to type in a word and receive its equivalent in another language (or obtain an English word by entering a foreign one) abound; many websites, such as Dictionary.com’s Translator site, include search engines for multiple languages. Of course, print translation dictionaries are also easy to find on the Internet and in bookstores. (Recently published ones available at used-book stores are a good bargain.) 5. Unusual-Words Dictionaries Numerous Web-savvy language aficionados have created online repositories of seldom-used and/or offbeat words; go, for example, to the Phrontistery. You’ll also find many similar print compendiums, such as The Word Lovers’ Dictionary: Unusual, Obscure, and Preposterous Words, by Josefa Heifetz. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Book Reviews category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:30 Synonyms for â€Å"Meeting†Best Websites to Learn EnglishPreposition Mistakes #3: Two Idioms

Quotes from Martin Van Buren

Quotes from Martin Van Buren Martin Van Buren was the eighth president of the United States having served from 1837 to 1841. Following are quotes from the man known as the Little Magician. He was president during the Panic of 1837 and blocked the admission of Texas as a state.   Quote by Martin Van Buren As to the presidency, the two happiest days of my life were those of my entrance upon the office and my surrender of it. Unlike all who have preceded me, the Revolution that gave us existence as one people was achieved at the period of my birth; and whilst I contemplate with grateful reverence that memorable event, I feel that I belong to a later age and that I may not expect my countrymen to weigh my actions wi th the same kind and partial hand. Van Burens Inaugural Address March 4, 1837 The people under our system, like the king in a monarchy, never dies. On receiving from the people the sacred trust twice confided on my illustrious predecessor, and which he has discharged so faithfully and so well, I know that I can not expect to perform the arduous task with equal ability and success.  Van Burens Inaugural Address March 4, 1837 It is easier to do a job right than to explain why you didnt. For myself, therefore, I desire to declare that the principle that will govern me in the high duty to which my country calls me is a strict adherence to the letter and spirit of the Constitution as it was designed by those who framed it. Van Burens Inaugural Address March 4, 1837 There is a power in public opinion in this country-and I thank God for it: for it is the most honest and best of all powers-which will not tolerate an incompetent or unworthy man to hold in his weak or wicked hands the lives and fortunes of his fellow-citizens. Stated in the Judiciary Committee on January 8, 1826.

Supply chain management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Supply chain management - Essay Example Maintaining an effective and critical supply chain has become critical today. Global disruptions and market changes have instilled a sense of fear in businesses as maintaining strong customer relationships and effective cost cutting has become necessary (Sapient, 2002). Many firms started outsourcing key business process as a means to have better control over the supply chain. This could not resolve the problem and on the contrary it added to business and communication complexity. This increases the dependence on business partners (Sapient, 2002). Supply chains today face innumerable barriers like multiple tiers, many suppliers, varied transportation modes and numerous outsourcing partners, according to the report by Sapient. Uncertainties arise as multiple players with diverse technological backgrounds and systems join hands to integrate supply chain activities (Lippert & Forman, 2006). Supply chain uncertainties can also disturb the other planned processes to accommodate delayed assembly or delay may occur if a suitable resource cannot be found (Koh & Tan, 2005). Despite the use of various strategic planning models, uncertainties have been identified in the system. Uncertainties should not be underestimated as its impact can lead to faulty planni ng. It could also prevent the company from taking advantage of the opportunities that higher levels of uncertainty provide. It thus becomes imperative to understand the various view points underpinning the theory of uncertainty in supply chain. Uncertainty has been defined by Ambrose, Marshall and Lynch (2006) as the absence of the information that the organization needs in order to operate effectively while Koh and Tan (2005) define it as any unpredictable event that occurs during the production process that cannot be planned for. It is a disturbance and creates nervousness. They further clarify that regardless of the way